3 Courses of the River

At the upper course of the river, the gradient is very steep and the river channel is narrow and shallow. The amount of water is low and the speed of the water is very fast. Due to the vertical erosion, the river channel is of a steep V shape.

At the middle course, the gradient of the river is not as steep as the upper course. The speed of the river reduces compared to the upper course. The river channel is wider and deeper as the tributaries join the main river. The river channel is U-shaped.

At the lower course, the gradient of the river is almost flat. The speed of the river is the slowest at this point and the volume of water is the highest of all three courses.The river channel is also the widest and deepest, taking a wide U-shape.